تعامل دو سویه روان‌شناسی زبان و زبان‌شناسی پیکره‌ای؛ برخی چالش‌های پیش روی فرهنگ‌های بسامدی فارسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار زبانشناسی ، دانشگاه آیت ا... بروجردی، بروجرد، ایران. (نویسنده مسئول).

2 دانشیار، گروه هنرهای نمایشی. دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

10.22075/jlrs.2025.37997.2679

چکیده

تکالیف تصمیم‌گیری واژگانی در روان‌شناسی زبان، نقطه تلاقی یافته‌ها و خروجی‌های روان‌شناسی زبان و زبان‌شناسی پیکره‌ای است. در این حوزه، زمینه‌ای به وجود می‌آید که تحلیل‌های پیکره‌ای مستقیماً مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در طول استفاده از فرهنگ‌های فراوانی/ بسامدی زبان فارسی، محققان ممکن است با برخی کاستی‌ها و نواقصی مواجه شوند که منجر به این نتیجه‌گیری می‌شود: تخمین‌های فراوانی کافی نیستند. بخشی از این امر، مربوط به این واقعیت است که فراوانی کلمه، همان‌طور که در فرهنگ‌های فراوانی/ بسامدی نشان داده شده است، تحت تأثیر عوامل دیگری (مانند نوع منابع مورد استفاده در گردآوری داده‌ها) قرار می‌گیرد و بخش دیگر مربوط به تأثیرات متغیرهای دیگری است که با دانش کلمه‌ای مرتبط هستند (مانند رواج کلمه، طول کلمه، سن یادگیری کلمه، شباهت به کلمات دیگر و ملموس بودن محتوای کلمه). سوال اصلی مطالعه حاضر، واقعیت روانشناختی تأثیرات فراوانی است که دو فرهنگ بسامدی اصلی زبان فارسی(به اختصار RPFD و PFD ) قادر به نشان دادن آن است. این مقاله می‌پرسد که چه عواملی به لحاظ روان‌‌شناسی زبان در روش‌شناسی گردآوری پیکره زبانی مؤثرند و باید لحاظ شوند تا فرهنگ‌های فراوانی/ بسامدی واقع‌گرایانه‌تر و معتبرتر باشند. مقاله حاضر با استفاده از تکالیف تصمیم‌گیری واژگانی نشان می‌دهد که برخی عوامل روان‌شناختی دیگر (مانند اثر تأخر، برجستگی و رواج) با دانش واژگانی که این فرهنگ‌های لغت از نشان دادن آنها غافل هستند یا آنها را نادیده می‌گیرند، همبستگی دارند. در نظر گرفتن این عوامل، فرهنگ‌های لغت بسامد فارسی را بهبود خواهد بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Bidirectional Interaction of Psycholinguistics and Corpus Linguistics; Some Challenges Persian Frequency Dictionaries Meet

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Mehrabi 1
  • Behrooz Mahmoodi Bakhtiari 2
1 Associate Professor of Linguistics at Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Broujerd, Iran (Corresponding Author)
2 Associate Professor of Linguistics at Fine Art College of Tehran University, Tehran. Iran.
چکیده [English]

Lexical decision tasks in psycholinguistics is the exact intersection of psycholinguistics and corpus linguistic findings and outputs. Here is the ground which the corpus analyses will be used directly. Throughout the course of using the frequency dictionaries of Persians the researcher(s) may encounter(s) some shortcomings and deficiencies that lead to the conclusions: Frequency estimates are not sufficient. Part of this relates to the fact that the word frequency as depicted in frequency dictionaries is affected by other factors (like the kind of sources used in data compilation) and the other part relates to the effects of other variables which correlates with word knowledge (like word prevalence, word length, age of acquisition of the word, similarity to other words, and concreteness of the word content). Here, the research problem is that it seems current Persian frequency dictionaries are insufficient for psycholinguistic researches. The present article tries to find why it is the case.  The main question of the present study is the psychological reality of the frequency effects which two main Persian frequency dictionaries (abbreviated as RPFD and PFD here) are able to depict. It asks what psycholinguistic factors will provide corpus compilation methodology with frequency dictionaries to be more realistic and valid. Using lexical decision tasks, the present article shows that some other psychological factors (like the recency effect, prominence, and prevalence) will correlates with word knowledge which these dictionaries miss to show or they ignore. Considering these factors will enhance Persian frequency dictionaries. The article systematically addresses each limitation (e.g., lack of prevalence data, recency effects). It also proposes solutions (e.g., integrating psycholinguistic metrics into corpus design).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corpus Linguistics
  • Frequency Dictionary
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Persian
  • Frequency of occurrence

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مطالعات زبانی و بلاغی
دوره 17، شماره 43
در حال تکمیل شدن
فروردین 1405

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