نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری ، گروه زبانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار، گروه آموزشی زبانشناسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشیار گروه زبانشناسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
This study examines how age (8 vs. 12 years), gender, and task type (visual/auditory) influence the comprehension of embodied metaphors related to sensory-motor organs (eyes, ears, hands, feet) in Persian-speaking children. Using a cross-sectional design, 160 elementary school children completed metaphor comprehension tests in both visual (image-based) and auditory (story-based) versions. Results revealed developmental differences: 8-year-olds showed superior understanding of hand-related metaphors, while 12-year-olds excelled in eye-related metaphors during visual tasks and ear-related metaphors during auditory tasks. Gender effects emerged across age groups - 8-year-old boys performed better with foot-related auditory metaphors, whereas girls surpassed boys in hand-related visual metaphors. Among 12-year-olds, girls demonstrated superior performance across multiple categories: ear-related and hand-related metaphors. The results also indicated a positive correlation between the metaphors, the task type (visual and auditory), and the sensory channel (ears and eyes) associated with the metaphor. These findings suggest that: (1) embodied metaphor comprehension shifts from haptic to distal sensory domains with age, (2) gender differences in metaphor processing emerge by age 8 and intensify by age 12, and (3) sensory-channel specialization becomes more pronounced with cognitive development. The study provides empirical evidence for designing age- and gender-appropriate linguistic materials in educational contexts.
کلیدواژهها [English]