The implied expression of "hafez" (an investigation about rethorical methods of implied expression of "hafez")

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 University of Tehran

2 Fahangian University

Abstract

Considering the social conditions of Hafiz’s time, this mighty Iranian poet got benefited from artistic tactics to convey his critical views implicitly to avoid negative consequences of his disagreeable viewpoints.  One of his personal ways in the field of rhetoric was using eloquence arts. In this domain, he derived the benefit from covert simile, metaphor, irony of widening type, irony of description, symbolism and an unknown kind of artistic innovation. And in two aspects of rhetoric, i.e., semantics and innovation, he applied more skillful ways. This article, through focusing on his sonnets (particularly his critical ones), is aiming at analyzing his creative techniques barely in rhetoric. To do this, we analyzed his implicit rhetoric within primary display of covert prospect of Hafiz in rhetoric field through exemplification and in every aspect, we concluded that Hafiz benefited from eloquence best.

Keywords

References

- bürgel, Johann Christoph.( 1991/1370sh). Three treatise about hafez (se resale darbareye hafez). Tr. By: kurosh safavi. 3rded. Tehran. Markaz press.
- Pournamdarian,Tagi.(1996/1369sh). Symbol and symbolic anecdotes in Persian literature (ramz va dastanha-ye ramzi dar adab-e farsi).4th ed. Tehran. Elmi & farhangi press.
-  Servatian, Behrouz (1990/1375sh). eloquence in Persian poetry (bayan dar sher-e farsi).first ed. Tehran. barg press.
- Hafez, Shamsoddin mohammad (2008/1387sh) poetical works (divan). Ed. By: mohammad qazvini & qasem qani. 3rded. Tehran. Golazin press.
- Khorramshahi, Bahaoddin (1999/1378sh). Hafezname. 9thed (4thed ofsecond version). Tehran. Elmi & farhangi press.
- Khorramshahi, Bahaoddin (2008/1387sh). Hafez. 2nded. Tehran. Nahid press.
- Rajayi, Mohammad Khalil. (1997/1376sh). Signs of rhetoric (Maalem ol balaqe). 4th ed. Shiraz. Markaz-e nashr-e daneshgahi press.
- Rahimi, Naser& Nadalizade Zahir. (2018/1397sh) disordered order of hafez,s ode (nazm-e parishan-e qazal-e hafez). Scientifical and investigative periodical journal of linguistic and rhetorical studies. 9th year. vol. 18. pp.193-210.
- Zarrinkoub, Abdolhosein (1995/1374). Across the knaves,s alley (az kooche-ye rendan). 9th ed. Tehran. Sokhan press.
- Zarrinkoub, Abdolhosein (1992/1371sh). true and Unmasked poetry (sher-e bi doruq sher-e bi neqab). 2nd ed. Tehran. Elmi press.
- Sanayi, Abolmajd (1983/1362sh) poetical works (divan). With the Effort by: modarres-e razavi. 3rd ed. Tehran. Sanayi library.
- Shafii kadkani, Mohammadreza (1993/1372sh). Imaginary forms in persian poetry (sovare khiyal dar sher-e farsi). 5th ed. Tehran. Agah press.
- Shafii kadkani, Mohammadreza (1989/1368sh) music of poetry (musiqi-ye sher). 3rd ed. Agah press.
- Shamisa, Sirous (2008/1387sh). eloquence (bayan). 3rd ed of 3rd version. Tehran. Mitra press.
- Shamisa, Sirous (2009/1388sh). Notes about hafez (yaddashtha-ye hafez). First ed. Nashr-e elm press.
- Alavimogaddam, Mohammad & Ashrafzade, Reza (2003/1382sh).  Semantics & eloquence (maani va bayan). 4th ed. Samt press.
- Qani, qasem (1961/1340sh). Discuss about hafez,s works and  Thoughtsand conditions (bahs dar asar va afkar va ahval-e hafez). 2vol. first ed. Tehran. Zavvar press.
- Qani, qasem (3rd ed). Dr qasem qani,s notes at margins of hafez poetry (yaddashthaye dr qasem qani dar havashi-ye divan-e hafez). With the Effort by: esmaeil saremi. 3rd ed. Tehran. Entesharat-e elmi press.
- Mazandarani, Mohammad hadi ibn-e mohammad saleh. (1997/ 1376sh). The lights of rhetoric (anvar ol balaqat). With the Effort by: mohammadali qolaminejad. First ed. Tehran. Nashr-e qeble cultural Center.
- Mortazavi, manuchehr (2005/1384sh). hafez,s style (maktab-e hafez). 4th ed. Tabriz. Sotude press.
- Mozaffari, alireza (2002/ 1381sh). Troope of imaginary (kheyl-e khiyal). First ed. Urmie. Urmie university press.
- Vatvat, rashidoddin (1983/1362sh). Gardens of magic about technicalities of poetry (hadayeq os sehr fi daqayeq osh sher). Ed. By: abbas eqbal. First ed. Tehran. Tahouri library and sanayi library.
The Journal Of Linguistic and Rhetorical Studies
Volume 12, Issue 24
July 2021
Pages 121-146

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics