Review the Innovation of Manuchehr Neyestani in Poetic Elements of Ghazal

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Phd student of persian language and literature, urmia branch, islamic azad university, urmia, iran

2 Assistant Professor of Persian Language and literature, Lslamic Azad University, Urmia branch, urmia,iran

Abstract

Manuchehr Neyestani can be considered as one of the pioneers of the Persian modern sonnet (Ghazal). Hussein Monzavi considered him one of the pioneers of the Persian modern ghazal and believed that his place in the changes and developments of contemporary Ghazal, remains unknown. Neyestani's all-encompassing endeavor to achieve a new form in Ghazal has made him one of the first Ghazal poets that have taken a step in this direction. His efforts to expand the content and capacities of the Ghazal are also remarkable, and he has not paid much attention to the thematic clichés of traditional Ghazal and their repeated aesthetic criteria and has replaced individualism, realism, and subjectivism. he has also created new and innovative images based on individual and personal perspectives and inspired by the elements and characteristics of its time and Environment. In the poetic language, he has broken the hegemony of literary language and He has introduced colloquial and spoken words and expressions in a ghazal. The present study tries to examine and study the neyestani's modernities in the mentioned fields and to reveal the position of this poet in the dimensions of modernity in Ghazal.

Keywords


- Azimi, Mohammad (1990/1369sh), From the Windows of  life (Selected Ghazals of  contemporary Iran), Tehran: Agah
- Bahmani, Mohammad Ali (1998/), Sometimes I miss myself, .2 nd ed, Tehran: Darinoosh
-Babachahi, Ali(2003/1382sh),components and axes of  Manuchehr Neyestani poems, Govharan, No 2, Pp 48-55
-Bahmani, Mohamad Ali(2009/1388sh), I'm Alive  and thinking of a sonnet, Tehran: Fasle panjom
-Borghaii,Seyyed Mohammad bagher(1994/1373sh),Iranian famous eloquents, Qom: Khorram
-Ebtehaj, Hushang(1999/1378sh),Bleak Travails, Tehran: Karnameh
-Ehsani Estahbanati, Mohammadamin & Abdollahi,Manijeh(2018/1397sh), “Illustration with the Emotion of Grief and Regret in Poems of Siavash Kasraei”, vol9, No 17, spring and summer, Pp7-34
-Hasnli, Kavous (2006/ 1385), Innovation in Ghazal, Poetry, No. 46, pp. 27 – 34
-Hasnoli; Kavous (2004/ 1383sh), Types of Innovation in Contemporary Poetry, Tehran: Sales
-Khāqānī, Afzal al-Dīn Badīl(2003/1382sh), Divan, correction, introduction and comments by Zia-ud-Din Sajjadi, 7th ed, Tehran: Zovvar
-Salehi, Seyed Ali (2003/1382sh), Manuchehr Neyestani in "Meeting with Himself" (Manouchehr Neyestani Literary testment), Govhran, No. 2, pp. 7-12
-Shafiei Kadkani, Mohammad Reza (2004/1383sh), Persian Poetry Periods, Tehran: Sokhan
-Shafiei Kadkani, Mohammad Reza (2011/ 1390sh), With Light  and Mirror ( Search the Roots of  Contemporary Iranian Poetry Evolution), Tehran: Sokhan
-Shamlou, Ahmad (2005/ 1384sh), Collection of  Works, Book One: Poems, Tehran: Negah
-Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mehdi(2014/1393sh), The motif of Bubble and its network images in Ghazals of Abdul-Qādir Bidel, Literary textual research, Vol 18, No 62, Winter, Pp 81-123
-Zarrinkoob, Abdolhossein (1967/1346sh), Poetry without lies Poetry without mask,  Tehran:Elmi