Types of Rhyme and Radif and Their Musical Roles in Iraqi's sonnets Types of Rhyme and Radif and Their Musical Roles in Iraqi's sonnets

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Tehran University

2 Literature Faculty Tehran Literature Faculty Tehran University Student

Abstract

The verbal music in poem, named  aesthetics, is the first and most important element of the beauty of poem and can fascinates addressee. Rhyme, radif in verbal music plays a very important role and serves as a pillar and reference in the music of every line. In this text, we explore types of rhyme and radif and their musical roles in Iraqi's sonnets. Iraqi is the great mystic and poet who lived in 7th century. We evaluated rhyme and radif, used in his poem book from different angels, in a descriptive-analytical way. The following results were achieved: Sonnets, have used common and frequently used rhythms.  His expression is fluent and understandable. 63% of the rhyme words  are ended with high syllable, in form of obligated  mordaf  to main redf and absolute mordaf to main redf. This issue provides the context for music of word and beautifies the thoughts. 24% of the rhymes ended with simple syllable have been in obligated and absolute form. In these  rhymes, for having the necessary condition for fluency of the music, vowels or a suitable radif with a high syllable have been used. 64% of Iraqi's sonnets have radifs, so the last consonant of the rhyme with poor pronunciation in these sonnets is well-pronounced and the necessary music of the poem is achieved. The phonetic relationship between the chains and sub-chains in the chain of words, between rhyme and radif, and the other words in each line has a good harmony and nice beautiful music.But in Iraqi's sonnets, contents are similar and  imagination is low, and repetitions of rhyme,  radif and the first line (Matla') are in excess of need.

Keywords

References

-Ahi, Hossein, (1978), The essence of Persian poetry (Bohoore She re farsi), Tehran, Khazar Press Institute.
-Ahmad nezhad, kamel va kamali Asl, (2006), (Arooz va Ghafiye), Rhythm and Rhyme, first Ed.,
-Samareh, Yadollah, (2002), The Phonetics of Persian Language, (Avashenasie Zabane Farsi) 7th Ed., Tehran, Academic Publishing Center.
-Haghshenas, Ali Mohammad, (2536), Phonology (Avashenasi), first Ed., Tehran, Agah
-Khorramshahi, Baha-aL-Din (2006), Hafeznameh, 16th Ed, Tehran, Scientific and Cultural.
-Khwadja Hafiz Shirazi, (1991), Courtesy of Sonnets(Divane Ghazaliat), With the Effort of(be Koosheshe) Khalile Khatibe Rahbar, Tehran, Safi Alishah
-Dadjoo, Dorreh, (2008), Hafiz Poetry Music (Moosighi she re Hafiz), Tehran, zarbaf Asl
-Shah hosseini, Naser Al-Din, (1990), Understanding of poetry – metre and rhyme (Shenakhte She r – Arooz va Ghafiye), 5th Ed,Tehran, Publishing  Homa
-Shafiee Kadkani, Mohhammad Reza, (2013 A), Poetry music (Moosighie She r), 13th Ed,Tehran, Agah
-Shafiee Kadkani, Mohhammad Reza, (2013 B),Words  Resurrection,  (Rastakhize Kalemat), 2th Ed, Tehran, Sokhan
-hams Gheis Razi, Mohammad, (2009), AL-Mu'ayir ash ar Al-Ajam, Ed. By Siroos Shamisa, th First Ed., Tehran,Elm
-Shamisa, Siroos , (2011),Rhythm and Rhyme (Arooz Va Ghafiye), Tehran, The Payam Noor university.
-Shamisa, Siroos, (2015), An Introduction to Rhythm and rhyme (Ashnayi Ba Arooz Va Ghafiye), Tehran, Mitra.
-Iraqi, Sheikh Fakhr aL-Din, (2006), Iraqi Supreme Court (Divane Kamele Iraqi), Ed. By Parvin Ghaemi , 2th Ed, Tehran, Peyman.
-Iraqi, Sheikh Fakhr aL-Din, (2013), Iraqi Fakhr AL-Din Totality (Kolliyate Fakhr Al-Din Iraqi), Ed. By Nasrin Mohtasham 4th Ed, Tehran, Zavvar.
-Farshidvard, khosrow, (2012), Historical Brief Instruction of Persian Language(Dastoore Mokhtasare Tarikhye Zabane Farsi), 3th Ed., Tehran, Zavvar   
-Farhangi, Ali Akbar, (2010), Human Communication (Ertebatate Ensani), Vol.1, 17th Ed, Tehran, Rasa.
-Tabatabaei, Mostafa, (2004), rhythm and Rhyme (Arooz Va Ghafiye), Tehran, Golden Tablet (Louhe Zarrin)
-Azimi, Mohammad Javad, (2009), Hafiz Poetry Music(Moosiqiye She re Hafia, Tehran, University Academic Publishing Center(Markaze Nashre Daneshgahi).
-Meshkat aL-Dini, Mehdi, (2009), Phonetic Fabrication of Language (Sakht Avaiye Zaban), 6th Ed, Tehran, Ferdowsi University Press(Enteshsrat Daneshgahe Ferdousi).
-Mallah, Hossein Ali, (1988), Music Linked to Poetry (Peyvande Moosighi Ba Shěr, first Ed., Tehran, Faza.
-Natel Khanlari, Parviz, (2007), Metre of Persian Poetry (Vazne She re Farsi), 7th Ed, Tehran, Toos.
-Najafi, Dorre, (1983), In the Science of Rhythm   Figures of Speech   Rhyme (Dar Elme Arooz  Badiě  Ghafiye), Ed. By Hossein Ahi, first Ed., Tehran, Forooqi.
-Vahidian Kamyar, Taghi, (2007), The Rhythm and Rhyme of Persian Poetry (Vazn Va Ghafiye She re Farsi), 7th Ed, Tehran, Academic Publishing Center(Markaze Nashre Daneshgahiy).
-Qasemi, tahere, and Mohammadi, ali, (2018), Prominences of Rhyme’s Role in the Persian Poetry from the Beginning to Eight Century,   (Barjastegihaye Naghshe Qafiyeh dar She re Farsi az Aqaz ta Sadeye Hashtom),Verbal and Eloqution Studies, (Majalleye Motaleate Zabani va Balaqi), 9, 15, 287-318.
The Journal Of Linguistic and Rhetorical Studies
Volume 11, Issue 22
November 2020
Pages 219-240

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics